https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2025.3296

The diagnostic value of inflammatory biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of influenza B in adults

Early Access
Submitted: December 9, 2024
Accepted: March 17, 2025
Published: April 7, 2025
Influenza B, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, systemic inflammation response index, nasopharyngeal swab
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Authors

Ayshan Mammadova
aysenmammadova665@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8838-7419
Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University Akay Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Gunel Jeyranova
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5121-0700
Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.

Influenza can lead to various complications if not promptly diagnosed and treated. This study aims to assess the predictive value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), which are derived from routine blood parameters, in diagnosing influenza infection in adults. This study included 130 patients diagnosed with and treated for influenza B from 2022 to 2024. The control group comprised 130 healthy individuals. Influenza B diagnosis was confirmed using rapid antigen kits, and complete blood counts were analyzed via spectrophotometric/impedance methods, with statistical evaluation applied to the results. Among the 130 patients included, 55.3% (n=72) were male. Patients were categorized into two groups: those treated on an outpatient basis and those hospitalized. NLR, PLR, and SIRI values were significantly higher in hospitalized patients than in outpatients (p<0.001 for all parameters). In patients diagnosed with influenza B, NLR [6.11 (1.76-17.15)], PLR [266.66 (138.20-914.28)], and SIRI [3.56 (0.82-10.11)] values were significantly elevated compared to the control group [NLR 1.63 (0.45-2.22); PLR 99.21 (61.84-169.37); SIRI 0.73 (0.45-1.48)] (p<0.001 for all comparisons). The NLR threshold was set at 2.36, achieving 96.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity (p<0.001). The PLR threshold was 153.41 [area under the curve (AUC)=0.988, sensitivity: 93.3%, specificity: 92.9%, p<0.001], and the SIRI threshold was 1.36 (AUC=0.977, sensitivity: 93.1%, specificity: 92.9%, p<0.001), confirming the diagnostic relevance of these parameters. This study demonstrates that NLR, PLR, and SIRI, which are non-invasive, cost-effective, simple, and reproducible biomarkers, provide strong prognostic value in diagnosing and managing adult patients with influenza B, particularly in cases requiring hospitalization.

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Ethics Approval

This retrospective, single-center study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Clinical Research at Gazi University Faculty of Medicine (decision number 1153, dated 09.07.2024).

How to Cite

Mammadova, Ayshan, and Gunel Jeyranova. 2025. “The Diagnostic Value of Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Influenza B in Adults”. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, April. https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2025.3296.
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