https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2022.2284

Role of low dose computed tomography on lung cancer detection and mortality - an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

<a href="https://www.vecteezy.com/free-vector/lung-cancer">Lung Cancer Vectors by Vecteezy</a>
Vol. 93 No. 1 (2023)
Submitted: April 2, 2022
Accepted: May 30, 2022
Published: June 21, 2022
Early detection of cancer, lung neoplasms, systematic review, tuberculosis
Abstract Views: 1068
PDF: 339
Supplementary: 67
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Authors

Sumita Agrawal
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5713-6556
ConsultantPulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, Medipulse Hospital, Jodhpur, India.
Akhil Dhanesh Goel
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6156-7903
Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.
Nitesh Gupta
niteshgupta2107@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5842-5584
Nodal Officer COVID19 Outbreak, Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.
Ayush Lohiya
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1429-7821
Kalyan Singh Super Specialty Cancer Institute, Lucknow, India.

Chest low dose computed tomography (LDCT) is reported to be a sensitive tool for the detection of lung cancer at asymptomatic stage, thus reducing mortality. The review assesses the effect of LDCT screening on all-cause mortality, lung cancer mortality and incidence rates. We conducted literature searches of PubMed, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Library from inception through January 2020 to identify relevant studies assessing the diagnostic accuracy of LDCT for lung cancer. We used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines for reporting this meta-analysis and review. The inclusion criteria were a) Randomized control trials, b) Comparing LDCT to any other form of screening or standard of care, and (c) Primary outcome studied: all-cause mortality, lung cancer-specific mortality, rate of early detection of lung cancer. A total of 11 studies encompassing 97,248 patients were included. When compared with controls (no screening or CXR), LDCT screening was associated with statistically significant reduction in lung cancer mortality (pooled RR 0.86; 95% CI 0.75-0.98); low heterogeneity was observed (I2= 27.86). However, LDCT screening was not associated with statistically significant reduction in all-cause mortality (RR =0.96; 95% CI: 0.92 -1.01). Notably, the LDCT screening was associated with statistically significant increase in lung cancer detection (RR =1.76; 95% CI: 1.14-2.72). LDCT screening has the potential to reduce mortality due to lung cancer among high-risk individuals. LDCT could be considered as a screening modality after careful assessment of other factors like prevalence of TB, proportion of high-risk population, cost, access and availability of LDCT.

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How to Cite

Agrawal, Sumita, Akhil Dhanesh Goel, Nitesh Gupta, and Ayush Lohiya. 2022. “Role of Low Dose Computed Tomography on Lung Cancer Detection and Mortality - an Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”. Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease 93 (1). https://doi.org/10.4081/monaldi.2022.2284.
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